The thermonuclear heart of our solar system, fusing 600 million tons of hydrogen every second.
The Sun has no solid ground. Its visible 'surface' (the photosphere) is a bubbling ocean of plasma at 5,505°C. Counter-intuitively, the Sun's thin halo atmosphere—the corona—is heated by magnetic reconnection to over 1.5 million °C.
Verified science answered in plain, accessible language.
The visible surface of the Sun (photosphere) is approximately 5,505°C (9,941°F). However, its outer halo atmosphere (corona) reaches an astounding 1,000,000 to 2,000,000°C due to magnetic reconnection heating.
The solar wind is a continuous stream of charged protons and electrons ejected by the Sun. It races across the solar system at speeds ranging from 400 to 800 km/s (1.4 to 2.8 million km/h).
NASA's Parker Solar Probe has repeatedly 'touched' the Sun by diving deep into the corona, shielded by a 4.5-inch carbon-composite heat shield that endures temperatures exceeding 1,400°C.
The estimated average temperature on Sun is +5505°C / +9941°F.
A full day-night cycle on Sun lasts about 609 Earth hours.
Sun is 149.6 million km (1 AU).
Sun's atmospheric pressure is 0.868 bar (Photosphere); Core: 250 billion bar.
Superheated plasma corona reaching over 1 to 2 million °C, far hotter than its surface.
Continuous solar wind streaming past Earth at 400 to 800 km/s (over 1.4 million km/h).
Coronal mass ejections, solar flares, and twisting magnetic sunspots triggering geomagnetic storms.
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