Tag: Humanitarian Crisis

  • Drone attack in southern Sudan kills 6 UN peacekeepers

    Drone attack in southern Sudan kills 6 UN peacekeepers

    Six UN peacekeepers from Bangladesh were killed Saturday in a drone attack in Sudan’s southern Kordofan region, according to the UN mission, with Dhaka strongly condemning the act. The United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) reported that “six troops lost their lives and six others were injured,” including four seriously, when a drone struck their camp in Kadugli, the capital of South Kordofan. All the victims were from Bangladesh.

    UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres denounced the “horrific” assault, stating it “could be considered a war crime under international law.” He added, “Attacks like today’s in South Kordofan against peacekeepers are indefensible. Accountability must be pursued.” Bangladesh’s interim leader, Muhammad Yunus, expressed his deep sorrow over the incident, confirming six deaths and eight injuries. He urged the UN to provide any necessary emergency assistance to his country’s personnel and assured that Bangladesh will support the families during this difficult time.

    The Bangladeshi foreign ministry also issued a strong condemnation of the attack. UN peacekeepers are stationed in Abyei, a contested area between Sudan and South Sudan.

    Earlier, a medical source told AFP that the strike on a UN facility in Kadugli resulted in at least six fatalities, believed to be UN staff members. Witnesses described the incident as a drone strike on the UN compound in the city. The Sudanese army released footage showing fires and smoke rising from the UNISFA base. The government in Port Sudan, aligned with the military, condemned the attack and accused the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) of being responsible.

    The Sudanese Sovereignty Council, led by Army General Abdel Fattah al-Burhan, called it a “dangerous escalation.” Meanwhile, the RSF issued a statement denying any involvement, rejecting claims of an airstrike targeting the UN headquarters and dismissing accusations that they used a drone.

    Sudan’s Prime Minister, Kamil Idris, labeled the rebel militia involved in the conflict as a terrorist organization and called on the UN to hold the perpetrators accountable. Kadugli, which saw famine declared in early November, has been under siege by the RSF for over a year and a half.

    Following their late-October seizure of El-Fasher, the RSF has advanced east into the oil-rich Kordofan region, which is divided into three states. This expansive agricultural area lies between RSF-controlled Darfur to the west and government-held zones in the north, east, and center, playing a strategic role for supply routes and troop movements.

    Since April 2023, the RSF has been fighting the Sudanese military, deploying fighters, drones, and allied militias in the fertile region. Analysts believe the RSF aims to break through the military’s defenses around central Sudan, potentially paving the way to recapture Khartoum.

    Recently, strikes on a kindergarten and hospital in South Kordofan’s Kalogi killed 114 people, including 63 children, according to the World Health Organization. The ongoing conflict has resulted in tens of thousands of deaths, millions displaced, and one of the world’s worst humanitarian crises. Diplomatic efforts to bring peace have so far failed. Last month, then-U.S. President Donald Trump expressed a desire to end the conflict after talks with Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, but this initiative has not yet resulted in concrete actions.

  • US to Establish Food Centers in Gaza Amid Severe Hunger Crisis

    US to Establish Food Centers in Gaza Amid Severe Hunger Crisis

    US President Donald Trump speaks as he meets with British Prime Minister Keir Starmer (not pictured) at Trump Turnberry golf club on July 28, 2025 in Turnberry, Scotland, Britain. — Reuters

    • They [Gazan residents] need food and safety immediately, says the US president.
    • Refuses to comment on Macron’s call for recognizing Palestinian statehood.
    • PM Starmer describes the situation in Gaza as “completely unacceptable”.

    President Donald Trump announced Monday that the U.S. plans to establish “food centers” in Gaza to help prevent a worsening hunger crisis in the conflict-torn Palestinian region.

    “We will set up food stations where people can freely walk in — no borders, no fences,” he told reporters in Scotland, where he was meeting with UK Prime Minister Keir Starmer.

    During the same briefing, Starmer stated that he and Trump concurred on the need for a ceasefire in Gaza, and they discussed plans for the post-aid phase.

    Trump emphasized that feeding the population is the top priority, citing the presence of many starving individuals, and clarified he wouldn’t take a stance on Palestinian statehood now.

    The U.S. has allocated $60 million for humanitarian assistance, with additional contributions expected from other countries.

    US President Donald Trump meets with British Prime Minister Keir Starmer at Trump Turnberry golf club on July 28, 2025 in Turnberry, Scotland, Britain. — Reuters
    US President Donald Trump meets with British Prime Minister Keir Starmer at Trump Turnberry golf club on July 28, 2025 in Turnberry, Scotland, Britain. — Reuters

    He added that he spoke with European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen on Sunday, who indicated European nations would significantly increase their support.

    Trump also planned to discuss the humanitarian crisis with Starmer during his visit.

    “We’re providing substantial funds and food aid, and other nations are stepping up now,” he explained. “It’s a disaster. Immediate food and safety are critical.”

    Starmer agreed, describing the crisis as “catastrophic” and expressing outrage over the images coming out of Gaza.

    The UK Prime Minister labeled the Gaza humanitarian situation as “completely intolerable” and urged swift delivery of food aid into the enclave.

    Palestinians wait to receive food from charity kitchens amid hunger crisis in Gaza City, July 28, 2025. — Reuters
    Palestinians line up for food aid in Gaza City, July 28, 2025, as hunger worsens. — Reuters

    “We need to mobilize other nations to support aid efforts, and that involves applying pressure on Israel because this is a true humanitarian crisis,” he stated.

    Trump declined to comment on French President Emmanuel Macron’s proposal to endorse Palestinian statehood.

    Trump also criticized Hamas for not releasing more hostages, both alive and dead, and mentioned he advised Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu that their current approach might need adjustments.

    “I told Bibi that perhaps there’s a different way to handle it,” Trump said, reiterating similar remarks from Sunday.

    When asked if a ceasefire remains feasible, Trump responded, “Yes, a ceasefire is possible, but it must be achieved.” He did not elaborate further.

    Israeli soldiers speak with a Palestinian woman outside Jenin camp during an Israeli military operation, July 8, 2025. — Reuters
    Israeli troops converse with a Palestinian woman outside Jenin, during an Israeli operation, July 8, 2025. — Reuters

    Trump stressed the importance of securing the release of hostages held by Hamas in Gaza, noting the group has shifted its stance and is now refusing to free more captives.

    Hamas has indicated willingness to release hostages if a ceasefire agreement is reached with Israel.

    The group submitted its response to a US-backed ceasefire proposal in Doha on Thursday. Israel, however, withdrew its delegation shortly after.

    Trump added that Israel would need to decide its next steps, implying he has his own opinions but refrained from sharing them publicly.

    Over the weekend, Israel conducted an airlift and implemented measures to facilitate aid access, including daily humanitarian pauses in three Gaza zones and establishing new safe corridors for convoys. Nonetheless, UN agencies say these actions are not enough to prevent famine conditions.

    Displaced Palestinians forage on leftover food amid hunger crisis in Gaza, July 28, 2025. — Reuters
    Displaced Gazans survive on leftover food amid critical shortages, July 28, 2025. — Reuters

    On Monday, Gaza’s health authorities reported at least 14 deaths in the past 24 hours from starvation and malnutrition, bringing the death toll caused by hunger to 147, including 89 children, mostly in recent weeks.

    Israel has blockaded all supplies into Gaza since early March, partly reopening the territory with new restrictions in May. Israel maintains that it follows international law and is justified in preventing aid from being diverted by militants, blaming Hamas for Gaza’s suffering.

  • UN Reports Rights Violations by Taliban Against Afghan Returnees

    UN Reports Rights Violations by Taliban Against Afghan Returnees

    The United Nations reported on Thursday that Taliban officials are systematically violating human rights in Afghanistan, including practices like torture and arbitrary detention of those forced to return from neighboring countries Iran and Pakistan.

    Millions of Afghans have been compelled to go back to Afghanistan due to large-scale deportation efforts by Iran and Pakistan, with over 1.9 million returned in 2025 alone, most of whom are from Iran. The UN highlighted that those particularly at risk of facing reprisals or human rights abuses upon return include women and girls, individuals associated with the former government and its security agencies, media personnel, and members of civil society.

    According to the UN, these individuals are subjected to torture, ill-treatment, unjust arrests, detention, and threats to their safety. The UN refugee agency (UNHCR) estimates that as many as three million could return to Afghanistan this year amid a severe humanitarian crisis.

    This report, compiled by the UN Assistance Mission in Afghanistan and the UN Human Rights Office, is based on interviews with 49 returnees. It states violations are targeted based on specific profiles, especially women, media workers, civil society members, and those linked to the fallen foreign-backed government of 2021.

    The Taliban authorities have denied claims of oppression, asserting they have issued amnesties for individuals who served within the previous government or worked with NATO troops during their 20-year insurgency.

    UN Human Rights Chief Volker Turk emphasized earlier this month that no one should be sent back to a country where they risk persecution based on their identity or personal background. He underscored that the situation is particularly dire for women and girls, who are facing a range of measures that amount to persecution solely due to their gender.

    Over the past four years, Taliban rule has increasingly marginalized women from public life, banning them from universities, parks, gyms, and beauty salons—actions the UN condemns as “gender apartheid.” Since seizing power in 2021 following the withdrawal of international forces, only Russia has formally recognized the Taliban government.

    Neighboring Tajikistan has announced plans to expel Afghan nationals, mirroring Iran and Pakistan’s stance. Since July 8, at least 377 Afghans have been deported, according to UNHCR. Meanwhile, Germany recently deported 81 Afghan men convicted of crimes, and the United States announced plans to revoke temporary protected status for thousands of Afghans.

    The UN states that the rising number of returnees has deepened an already critical human rights crisis in Afghanistan and has called for an immediate halt to forced repatriations to prevent further suffering.

  • Increase in Afghan Exiles from Iran Amid Israel’s Spy Operations

    Increase in Afghan Exiles from Iran Amid Israel’s Spy Operations

    Aerial view of Kabul, Afghanistan, captured on February 11, 2016. — Reuters

    Enayatullah Asghari, a 35-year-old Afghan citizen, watched in despair as hostilities erupted between Israel and Iran last month, complicating his refuge in a Gulf nation. With construction jobs in Tehran dwindling, he faced accusations of espionage.

    Asghari is one of the tens of thousands of Afghans that Iran has deported back to Afghanistan in recent weeks, amidst concerns from the United Nations about heightened instability in a country already grappling with a humanitarian crisis.

    “Finding a place to rent is extremely difficult, and even when you do, the prices are sky-high … there are no job opportunities at all,” Asghari expressed after the long journey back to western Afghanistan.

    He feels lost in a country that has been internationally isolated since the Taliban regained control in 2021.

    The UN refugee agency reports that Iran has deported more than 30,000 Afghans daily since the conflict escalated, a staggering increase from approximately 2,000 previously.

    “We’ve always aimed to be accommodating, but national security is paramount, and naturally, those without legal status must go back,” stated Iran’s government spokesperson, Fatemeh Mohajerani, although she clarified that this is about returning individuals rather than expulsion, despite alluding to anti-espionage actions.

    No response has been provided from the Afghan government at this time.

    During the 12-day conflict, which recently reached a ceasefire, Iran and Israel exchanged strikes, with the U.S. also attacking Iran’s uranium facilities.

    This year, Iran has intensified its scrutiny of foreign nationals, including Afghans, particularly during the conflict, leading to more deportations according to humanitarian officials.

    It is estimated that about 2.6 million undocumented Afghans were residing in Iran as of 2022, following the Taliban’s takeover and the withdrawal of international forces from Kabul.

    “We were viewed as potential spies and treated poorly,” Asghari lamented. “From ordinary citizens to law enforcement and officials, we were often told that Afghans are our primary adversaries, that we have caused their ruin from within.”

    Worry Over Backlash

    In an interview, Arafat Jamal, the UNHCR representative for Afghanistan, expressed concern over the backlash against Afghans, noting that anger over the strikes could disproportionately affect them.

    “We recognize that they have experienced a terrifying conflict, but we suspect that Afghans are unfairly being used as scapegoats,” he told Reuters in Kabul.

    He cautioned about a brewing “perfect storm” for Afghanistan, especially as neighboring Pakistan also began large-scale repatriations of displaced Afghans in 2023.

    Adding to Afghanistan’s challenges, the already weakened economy, hindered by sanctions on the banking system since the Taliban’s rise, now faces drastic aid cuts from Western nations.

    “This situation is bound to lead to significant instability in the region,” Jamal commented.

    The UNHCR’s Afghan operations have secured less than 25% of the required funding this year.

    The aid program for Afghanistan has dwindled from $3.2 billion to just $538 million compared to three years ago. This year alone, over 1.2 million Afghans have returned from Iran and Pakistan, often arriving with little more than the clothes they were wearing.

    Iran has announced it will continue to enforce measures against illegal immigrants.

    “While we welcome legal migrants—many of whom are poets, writers, doctors, and skilled workers—we cannot accommodate those without proper documentation,” the spokesperson stated.

    Ahmad Fawad Rahimi, 26, who’s held a valid work visa for Iran, decided to return home last month due to his family’s concerns about escalating conflict.

    During his return, he was apprehended and placed in a detention camp, where he reported limited food and water and high fees for transportation across the border after having their mobile phones confiscated.

    “In the past, we would at least receive a warning the first time before being deported on subsequent arrests,” he recounted. “But now we’re treated like spies. They claim Afghans have aligned with their enemies and must leave.”

  • Trump-Era Food Aid Cuts Threaten Millions of Lives

    Trump-Era Food Aid Cuts Threaten Millions of Lives

    Food aid provider offering relief. — Reuters/File

    WASHINGTON: The administration of U.S. President Donald Trump is set to halt nearly all remaining aid to Afghanistan and Yemen, according to sources in the aid sector. The UN World Food Programme has warned that this move could potentially spell disaster for millions.

    The funding cuts are part of a broader range of aid program terminations affecting over a dozen countries — including Somalia and Syria — announced by the State Department and the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) over the weekend. This information comes from Sarah Charles, a former head at USAID’s humanitarian affairs bureau, along with eight other sources, including six current U.S. officials who requested anonymity.

    Altogether, the cuts amount to more than $1.3 billion, based on calculations from Stand Up For Aid, a grassroots advocacy organization. This includes $562 million for Afghanistan, $107 million for Yemen, and $170 million for Somalia, among others.

    The UN World Food Programme cautioned that the cessation of U.S. funding for essential food assistance could lead to severe hunger and starvation for millions. The organization is currently seeking more information from the Trump administration regarding the funding cuts.

    In a statement shared on X, WFP chief Cindy McCain emphasized that the funding reductions would only exacerbate hunger, increase instability, and create a significantly less safe global environment.

    When asked about the funding terminations, a State Department spokesperson directed inquiries to the White House, which had not yet replied to requests for comment. UN spokesperson Stephane Dujarric stated that the UN was working to gather more details on the contracts that have been canceled.

    These cuts represent the latest effort by the Trump administration to dismantle USAID, the principal agency responsible for U.S. humanitarian aid. Since taking office for a second term on January 20, the Republican president has eliminated billions of dollars worth of critical aid programs.

    Many of the canceled programs had previously received waivers from U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio, shielding them from the cuts to foreign aid initiatives ordered by Elon Musk’s Department of Government Efficiency, according to three sources.

    The U.S. has traditionally been the largest donor of aid to both Taliban-controlled Afghanistan and Yemen.

    “All remaining USAID awards for Afghanistan have been canceled,” stated one source. Officials noted that the lost funding included support for a UN agency that aids women and girls, the WFP, and at least six NGOs.

    Furthermore, assistance directed to Afghans via the State Department’s Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration was also terminated, as reported by five sources.

    These funding cuts are expected to deepen existing humanitarian crises, placing millions at risk of starvation and potentially triggering new waves of illegal immigration, according to various sources and experts.

    “Despite repeated assurances that life-saving programs would be safeguarded during the Trump administration’s ‘review’ of foreign aid, the Department of Government Efficiency enacted cuts over the weekend, impacting aid programs that Congress was told would remain intact,” stated Senator Jeanne Shaheen of New Hampshire, the leading Democrat on the Senate Foreign Relations Committee.

    She expressed concern that the ending of food assistance would “lead to devastating consequences” and looks forward to additional comments from Rubio.

  • Myanmar Quake Toll Reaches 1,700 Amid Growing Aid Efforts

    Myanmar Quake Toll Reaches 1,700 Amid Growing Aid Efforts

    Earthquake in Myanmar Causes Widespread Damage and Casualties


    Image caption: A general view of a collapsed building in the aftermath of a powerful earthquake in Mandalay, Myanmar, March 30, 2025. — Reuters

    • 3,400 Injured, 300 Missing Following Earthquake
    • Rescue Teams From India, China, Singapore, and Thailand Mobilized
    • UN Agency Reports Hospitals Struggling in Hard-Hit Regions

    BANGKOK: The death toll from Myanmar’s recent earthquake has been steadily increasing, prompting foreign rescue teams and aid to flood into the impoverished nation. The disaster has overwhelmed hospitals, and affected communities are hastily trying to orchestrate rescue operations with limited resources.

    The 7.7-magnitude earthquake struck the war-torn Southeast Asian country on Friday, marking one of the most powerful quakes in Myanmar in a century. By Sunday, official reports indicated approximately 1,700 casualties, 3,400 injuries, and over 300 people unaccounted for.

    The military government’s leader, Senior General Min Aung Hlaing, acknowledged the devastating impact and indicated that the death toll might rise. This admission came three days after he publicly requested international assistance, according to state media.

    Neighboring countries, including India, China, and Thailand, have sent relief supplies and teams, with additional support coming from Malaysia, Singapore, and even Russia.

    Car Trapped Under Rubble
    Image caption: A vehicle trapped beneath the debris of a collapsed building in Mandalay, Myanmar, March 30, 2025. — Reuters

    "The devastation is severe, and humanitarian needs are escalating rapidly," said a statement from the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies. They emphasized the urgent requirement to stabilize affected communities, especially as temperatures rise and the monsoon season approaches.

    The United States has committed $2 million in aid through local humanitarian organizations and has dispatched an emergency response team from USAID, which has been experiencing budget cuts under the Trump administration.

    This catastrophe further compounds the suffering in Myanmar, already grappling with a civil conflict following a military coup in 2021 that ousted the democratically elected government led by Nobel laureate Aung San Suu Kyi.

    Search and Rescue Operations
    Image caption: Search and rescue operations ongoing in Mandalay, Myanmar, March 29, 2025. — Reuters

    Critical infrastructure—including bridges, highways, airports, and railways—has been damaged across the country, hampering humanitarian operations amid ongoing conflict that has displaced over 3.5 million individuals and severely weakened the health system.

    In some areas near the epicenter, residents reported a lack of government assistance, forcing them to fend for themselves. “Restoring transportation routes swiftly is essential,” Min Aung Hlaing instructed officials, as state media reported on efforts to repair railway lines and reopen airports to make rescue efforts more effective.

    According to predictive models from the U.S. Geological Survey, the death toll in Myanmar could eventually exceed 10,000, with economic losses surpassing the nation’s annual GDP.

    ‘No Assistance, No Rescuers’

    Rescue Workers at Collapse Site
    Image caption: Rescuers working at a collapsed building site in Mandalay, Myanmar, March 30, 2025. — Reuters

    Hospitals in central and northwestern Myanmar, including the city of Mandalay and the capital Naypyidaw, are struggling to accommodate the influx of injured individuals, as reported by the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs.

    The earthquake’s tremors also impacted parts of Thailand, where an under-construction skyscraper collapsed, resulting in 18 fatalities, according to reports from Thai authorities. Recovery efforts continued for the third day, with 76 individuals trapped under the debris.

    The opposition National Unity Government of Myanmar, which comprises remnants of the previous administration, declared a two-week halt to offensive military actions starting Sunday.

    In regions like Sagaing, near the earthquake’s epicenter, the extent of destruction is significant. “We are witnessing widespread devastation—counts of buildings reduced to rubble,” resident Han Zin reported. He noted that much of the town has been without power and is running short on drinking water. “We have not received any aid, and there are no rescue personnel present.”

    Sections of a major bridge connecting Sagaing with Mandalay have collapsed, with satellite images revealing parts of the historical structure submerged in the Irrawaddy River. “With the bridge out, even aid from Mandalay is hardly making its way here,” stated the Sagaing Federal Unit Hluttaw, associated with the NUG, on social media.

    Rescuers Carrying Bodies
    Image caption: Rescuers transporting a deceased victim in Mandalay, Myanmar, March 30, 2025. — Reuters

    “Food and medical supplies are scarce, and the number of casualties is overwhelming our local hospital, which is not equipped to handle the influx of patients.”

    ‘Can You Hear Me?’

    Mandalay’s extensive damage has left many people trapped beneath collapsed buildings, with heavy machinery required for rescue operations that are currently out of reach, according to humanitarian workers stationed in the area.

    "Our teams are utilizing gloves, ropes, and basic tools to dig for survivors," one worker said, on the condition of anonymity due to security concerns. “Countless people are still trapped and we cannot ascertain the death toll at this time because we don’t know who is alive or who is lost.”

    A video taken by a local Mandalay resident revealed patients lying outside a 500-bed orthopedic hospital where no space was available.

    Public and private healthcare facilities in Mandalay, including the Mandalay General Hospital and sections of Mandalay Medical University, suffered damage from the quake, the World Health Organization reported.

    Rescue personnel from Russia and India are en route to Mandalay, with multiple teams from China, Thailand, and Singapore already on-site.

    In Bangkok, rescuers have been tirelessly working at the site of the demolished 33-story building, surrounded by piles of concrete and twisted metal, in hopes of rescuing workers sealed beneath the wreckage.

    Teerasak Thongmo, a Thai police commander, mentioned that his team is racing against time to locate any survivors. “Our immediate goal is to find those who might still be alive. We have a crucial 72-hour window to act,” he noted.

    Nearby, relatives of the missing and trapped construction workers gathered, anxiously awaiting news. Some were visibly distressed. “Ploy, Ploy, I’m here for you!” cried one woman, overwhelmed with emotion. “Ploy, can you hear me?”

  • Sudan Military Claims Control of Khartoum Presidential Palace

    Sudan Military Claims Control of Khartoum Presidential Palace

    A spokesperson for the Sudanese army addresses the nation through Sudan TV after claiming control of the presidential palace on March 21, 2025, according to the army’s report.

    • Regaining control of the palace represents a symbolic win for the army.
    • The ongoing conflict has triggered the world’s largest humanitarian crisis.
    • The RSF is solidifying its hold in the western regions and establishing its own government.

    The Sudanese army announced on Friday that it has regained complete control of the presidential palace located in downtown Khartoum, marking a significant shift in the ongoing two-year conflict with a rival armed faction that poses a threat to the country’s unity.

    In response, the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) stated that they remain close to the palace and claimed to have launched an attack that resulted in the deaths of numerous army personnel within the palace.

    According to army sources, the RSF fighters are positioned approximately 400 meters away. Reports indicate that the army faced a drone strike that resulted in several casualties, including three journalists from state television.

    While the army had been on the defensive for an extended period, recent developments indicate that they are regaining ground, having reclaimed territory from the RSF in central areas of the country.

    On the other hand, the RSF has been fortifying its presence in western Sudan, establishing new defensive positions and steering the country toward a potential partition. They are also attempting to form a parallel government in the regions they control, although international acceptance of this administration remains unlikely.

    The RSF initially took control of the presidential palace and the rest of Khartoum shortly after the outbreak of hostilities in April 2023, a conflict sparked by tensions over integrating the paramilitary organization into the national armed forces.

    Videos shared by the army depicted soldiers celebrating on the palace grounds, where shattered glass and bullet-scarred walls highlighted the intensity of the conflict.

    Many citizens in Sudan expressed support for the army’s declaration of control over the palace. “The recovery of the palace is the best news I’ve received since the war began, as it signals the army’s reclaiming of the rest of Khartoum,” stated 55-year-old resident Mohamed Ibrahim.

    “We want to feel safe again and live without fear or hunger,” he added.

    On Thursday evening, the RSF announced that they had captured a strategic military base from the army in North Darfur, a region in the western part of the country.

    The conflict has escalated into what the UN describes as the largest humanitarian crisis in the world, leading to widespread famine and disease among the 50 million inhabitants of Sudan.

    Both factions have faced accusations of committing war crimes, with the RSF specifically being charged with genocide, which both groups deny.

    Gunfire Echoes in Khartoum

    On Friday, sporadic gunfire was reported in Khartoum, and further violent clashes are anticipated as the army aims to encircle the RSF, which still controls extensive territories south of the palace.

    Earlier this week, RSF leader Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo, known as Hemedti, had directed his troops to maintain their positions at the palace.

    Although the RSF retains a presence in Khartoum, its grip is reportedly weaker than at any time since the conflict erupted, suggesting a potential complete withdrawal of the RSF, according to Ahmed Soliman, a senior research fellow at Chatham House.

    The army is likely to continue military operations in the western regions, resulting in a “contested, partitioned reality” for Sudan, he added.

    The war broke out two years ago, as the country was initiating a transition toward democratic governance.

    Following the ousting of Omar al-Bashir in 2019, the army and RSF had previously joined forces but later became adversaries, largely due to historical grievances where Bashir bolstered the RSF as a counterbalance to the army, which is led by career officer Abdel Fattah al-Burhan.